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Lesson 10 of 14

Sound Waves: Characteristics and Applications · Lesson 10 of 14

Reflection of Sound

Sound can bounce from surfaces and obey the same reflection geometry used for light.

Learning Objectives

• Define reflection of sound. • State the laws of reflection for sound. • Identify incident and reflected sound directions. • Explain how reflecting surface properties affect reflected sound.

Sound does not always disappear when it reaches a surface. Part of the wave can return into the original medium. This bouncing of sound is called reflection.

Reflection of Sound

Definition
Reflection of Sound

The bouncing back of sound waves from an obstacle or boundary such as a solid or liquid surface.

The chapter states that sound follows the same laws of reflection as light. The incident sound and reflected sound make equal angles with the normal drawn at the point where the wave meets the reflecting surface. The incident direction, reflected direction and normal lie in the same plane.

Reflection of Sound Incident sound Reflected sound i r Reflecting surface
Reflection of soundThe angle of incidence i equals the angle of reflection r, both measured from the normal.
Law of ReflectionLaTeX
Angles are measured between the sound path and the normal to the surface.

Hard, smooth surfaces tend to produce strong reflected sound. Soft materials tend to absorb more sound, while rough surfaces scatter sound in different directions.

Highest-Attention Idea

Angles are measured from the normal, not from the surface itself.

Quiz

Quick check

Which description best matches Reflection of Sound?

Quick check

Which term matches this description: The bouncing back of sound waves from an obstacle or boundary such as a solid or liquid surface.

Quick check

Which statement is a key takeaway from this lesson?

Quick check

Which additional statement is also a key takeaway from this lesson?

Quick check

Which further statement is also a key takeaway from this lesson?

Practice Problems

Check Your Understanding
  1. Define reflection of sound.
  2. State the two reflection conditions given in the chapter.
  3. If an incident sound ray makes an angle of 35° with the normal, what is the reflection angle?
  4. Why do soft curtains generally produce weaker reflected sound than a hard wall?

Key Takeaways

Key Takeaways

• Sound can reflect from suitable surfaces instead of being completely absorbed. • The angle of incidence of a sound wave equals the angle of reflection. • The incident sound, reflected sound and normal lie in the same plane. • Reflection of sound is used in several devices and acoustic applications.