CBSE · Class 9 · Science · Chapter 13

Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life

Examine Earth as an interconnected system where energy, matter, living organisms and the environment continuously interact.

13 lessons 50 min
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Lessons in this chapter

  1. 1Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and LifeEarth has five busy departments, and none of them respects office boundaries.
  2. 2Uneven Heating of the EarthSunlight arrives with a giant energy budget, but clouds and angles keep rewriting the receipt.
  3. 3Interaction of Solar Radiation on the Earth’s SurfaceDark roads and pale roofs have been quietly arguing about sunlight all summer.
  4. 4Latitude and Earth’s ShapeA round planet makes sunlight share unevenly, and the poles get the stretched slice.
  5. 5Role of the AtmosphereThe atmosphere is part sunscreen, part blanket, and entirely more organised than it looks.
  6. 6Uneven Heating Causes Wind and Ocean CurrentsWarm air rises, cool air slides in, and suddenly the valley has a schedule.
  7. 7Planetary WindsThe atmosphere has global travel routes, though it refuses to draw them as straight lines.
  8. 8Ocean CurrentsThe oceans move heat around the planet with no luggage and a very complicated route.
  9. 9Biogeochemical CyclesWater never really leaves the group chat; it just changes states and locations.
  10. 10Carbon CycleCarbon keeps changing jobs: gas, leaf, lunch, shell, rock, and occasionally fuel.
  11. 11Nitrogen Cycle and Oxygen CycleThe air is full of nitrogen and oxygen, but atoms still insist on taking the scenic route.
  12. 12Human Impact on Earth’s ProcessesOne shortcut in one sphere can send an invoice to every other sphere.
  13. 13Chapter Summary and PracticeAll five spheres meet for one final systems check, and nobody gets to work alone.
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