CBSE · Class 8 · Science · Chapter 12

How Nature Works in Harmony

Explore ecosystems, food relationships, biodiversity and the interdependence of organisms and their environment.

9 lessons 120 min
Start chapter

Lessons in this chapter

  1. 1Habitats, Populations, and CommunitiesExplore how a place provides living conditions and how its organisms form populations and communities.
  2. 2Interactions Build EcosystemsSee how living communities and physical surroundings interact to form ecosystems.
  3. 3Relationships Among OrganismsTrace direct and indirect connections and compare the different ways organisms affect one another.
  4. 4Feeding Roles, Food Chains, and Trophic LevelsFollow food from producers to consumers and interpret positions in a food chain.
  5. 5Food Webs and Nature’s RecyclingConnect feeding chains into webs and discover how decomposers return nutrients to the living world.
  6. 6Ecosystem Balance and Cascading ChangesExplain how a change can spread through an ecosystem and why balance is dynamic.
  7. 7Ecosystem Benefits and ConservationConnect ecosystem benefits with the habitats, organisms, and human actions that sustain them.
  8. 8Human-made Ecosystems and Sustainable FarmingApply ecosystem relationships to managed landscapes, soil health, and food production.
  9. 9Chapter Summary and PracticeRevise the whole chapter by connecting habitats, relationships, recycling, ecosystem change, conservation, and farming.
← All Class 8 Science chapters